Multinational corporations (MNCs) are large commercial organisations that are headquartered in one country (the home country) but conduct business operations, including production, marketing, sales, and research and development, in numerous other countries around the world (host countries). These corporations often have significant economic power and play a major role in the global economy through foreign direct investment, international trade, and the transfer of technology and capital across borders. MNCs can have both positive and negative impacts on the countries in which they operate, providing jobs and investment but also potentially raising issues related to labor practices, environmental regulations, and economic sovereignty. The study of multinational corporations is an important area in sociology, particularly in the context of globalisation and its effects on national economies and societies.