Urbanisation refers to the process of the development of towns and cities, typically involving the growth in the size and population of urban areas and the increasing concentration of people living and working in these areas. This process is often linked to economic development, industrialisation, and the migration of people from rural to urban areas in search of opportunities. Urbanisation leads to significant transformations in land use, infrastructure development, social organisation, and lifestyles, creating complex urban environments that serve as centers of economic, political, and cultural activity. The study of urbanisation examines its causes, patterns, and consequences for societies, including issues related to urban planning, housing, transportation, social inequality, and environmental sustainability.