Urbanisation Processes refers to the dynamic and multifaceted changes involved in the growth and development of cities and urban areas, typically marked by the increasing concentration of populations in urban settings and the transformation of rural landscapes into urban ones. This category encompasses the historical evolution of cities (e.g., from preindustrial cities to industrial and postindustrial cities), the spatial organisation of urban areas (e.g., concentric-zone theory, multiple-nuclei theory), and the social and environmental consequences of urban growth (e.g., urban ecology, urban renewal, gentrification, defended neighborhoods, squatter settlements, suburbanisation). It also includes the study of urbanism (distinctive characteristics of urban social life), the development of new urban sociological perspectives, and the challenges related to urban planning, infrastructure, and social inequalities within metropolitan areas and vast urban regions (e.g., megalopolis). Understanding these processes is crucial for analysing the complexities of urban life and the ongoing societal shifts driven by population concentration.