Innovation is the process of introducing new elements, ideas, methods, or products into a culture or society, leading to change and often improvement. This can occur through two primary mechanisms: discovery and invention. Discovery involves becoming aware of something that already exists but was previously unknown or unrecognised, such as a new scientific fact or a previously unknown natural resource. Invention, on the other hand, involves creating something entirely new that did not exist before, such as a new technology, a new tool, or a new process. Both discovery and invention can have profound impacts on a culture, leading to new practices, beliefs, social structures, and material advancements. The rate and nature of innovation can vary significantly across different societies and historical periods, influenced by factors such as technological development, cultural values, and social organisation.