Deindustrialisation is the systematic, widespread withdrawal of investment in basic aspects of productivity such as factories and plants, leading to a decline in manufacturing and industrial activity in a region or country. This process is often accompanied by a shift towards a service-based economy, with a greater emphasis on sectors like finance, information technology, and healthcare. Deindustrialisation can be caused by various factors, including technological advancements that automate production, the globalisation of manufacturing leading to production moving to countries with lower labor costs, and a shift in consumer demand towards services rather than manufactured goods. While deindustrialisation can lead to economic restructuring and the emergence of new industries, it can also result in job losses in the manufacturing sector, economic hardship for affected communities, and increased social inequality if new opportunities are not readily available or accessible to all. The social and economic consequences of deindustrialisation have been a significant area of study in sociology, with researchers examining its impact on employment, social class, and community well-being.