Mechanical Solidarity, a foundational concept developed by Émile Durkheim, describes a type of social cohesion and integration characteristic of traditional, pre-industrial societies. In such societies, social bonds are based on a high degree of homogeneity, where individuals share similar values, beliefs, customs, and engage in similar types of labor. This similarity leads to a strong collective consciousness or a common understanding of social norms and expectations, which binds people together through their likeness and shared experiences. Social order in societies with mechanical solidarity is maintained through the strong social pressure to conform to these uniform norms and values, and deviance is often met with harsh punitive sanctions to reinforce the collective morality. This form of solidarity fosters a powerful sense of community and belonging, where individuals feel deeply connected to one another through their shared identity and way of life, with relatively little individual autonomy compared to more modern societies.