Cornucopian Theory is an optimistic viewpoint regarding population growth and resource availability, asserting that technological advancements and human ingenuity will always find ways to overcome resource scarcity and environmental limits. Proponents of this theory believe that as resources become scarcer, human innovation will be stimulated to develop new technologies, discover alternative resources, or improve efficiency, thereby expanding the available supply and preventing catastrophic outcomes often predicted by Malthusian perspectives. They argue that market mechanisms, driven by rising prices of scarce resources, will incentivise innovation and substitution, ensuring continuous progress and an ever-increasing capacity for the Earth to support a growing population. This theory often emphasises the role of free markets, technological innovation, and human adaptability as key solutions to environmental and resource challenges, maintaining that humanity's creativity is an unlimited resource that can always provide for its needs, thus rejecting a pessimistic outlook on the planet's carrying capacity.