Government and Politics represent a fundamental social institution and a central field of study within sociology and political science. This domain examines the complex ways in which power is exercised, organised, and legitimised within societies. It encompasses the state, its various governmental institutions, and the processes through which public policies are formulated, implemented, and enforced. Key areas include the analysis of different political systems (e.g., democracies, monarchies, authoritarian regimes), the distribution of power among various social groups (e.g., the power elite), the role of authority (traditional, charismatic, legal-rational), and the mechanisms of governance at local, national, and global levels. Political sociology also investigates political socialisation, political behaviour, public sphere dynamics, and how political structures influence social inequality and social change, and how citizens engage with or are controlled by political apparatuses.