Vital statistics are a crucial category of demographic data that consist of records of key life events within a population, such as the number of births, deaths, marriages, and divorces that occur within a specific geographic area and time period. These data are typically gathered through a registration system maintained by governmental units at the local, regional, or national level, and they provide essential information for understanding population trends, fertility rates, mortality rates, marriage and divorce patterns, and overall demographic changes within a society. Vital statistics are widely used by researchers, policymakers, and public health officials for various purposes, including population projections, assessing public health needs, and informing social and economic planning.