Human ecology is an area of study within sociology and other social sciences that is concerned with the interrelationships between people and their spatial setting and physical environment. It examines how social organisation, population dynamics, culture, and technology shape human interactions with the environment and how the environment, in turn, influences social life and human behaviour. Human ecology explores topics such as urbanisation, environmental degradation, resource management, and the impact of environmental changes on human populations and social systems. It emphasises a holistic and systemic approach to understanding the complex connections between human societies and the natural world, recognizing that these are interdependent and mutually influencing systems.