The sex ratio is a demographic indicator that represents the number of males for every hundred females in a given population, providing a measure of the relative balance between the sexes. It is calculated by dividing the total number of males by the total number of females and then multiplying the result by 100. The sex ratio can vary across different age groups, regions, and populations due to factors such as birth rates, mortality rates, migration patterns, and cultural preferences that may influence the sex of offspring or differential survival rates between males and females. The sex ratio at birth is typically around 105 males per 100 females in most human populations. Significant imbalances in the sex ratio can have social and economic consequences, potentially affecting marriage patterns, labor markets, and social stability.