Organic Solidarity, a fundamental concept in Émile Durkheim's sociological theory, describes the form of social cohesion and integration that characterises modern, complex, and industrialised societies. Unlike mechanical solidarity, which is based on similarity and shared beliefs in traditional societies, organic solidarity arises from the interdependence of individuals and groups due to a highly specialised division of labor. In societies with organic solidarity, individuals perform diverse, specialised tasks and rely on each other to fulfill their needs and contribute to the overall functioning of society as an integrated whole. This mutual dependence, or functional interdependence, fosters social unity even in the absence of a strong collective consciousness or shared morality. Durkheim argued that organic solidarity is maintained through the regulation of these interdependent relationships, often through formal laws and contracts, and the recognition that each person's unique contribution is vital to the well-being of the collective, thereby allowing for greater individual autonomy within a larger social system.