Causal logic refers to the relationship between a condition or variable and a particular consequence, with one event or factor leading to the other in a predictable way. It involves understanding the mechanisms through which a cause produces its effect. Establishing causal logic in social research requires demonstrating correlation, temporal order (the cause precedes the effect), and the absence of spurious relationships (where a third variable might be responsible for the observed association). Identifying causal relationships is a key goal of sociological analysis, as it allows for explanations of social phenomena and the development of effective interventions to address social problems.