Homosexuality is an orientation of sexual activities, romantic feelings, and emotional attraction towards others of the same sex or gender. It is one of the three main categories of sexual orientation, alongside heterosexuality (attraction to the opposite sex or gender) and bisexuality (attraction to more than one gender). Homosexuality is a natural variation of human sexuality and has been documented across different cultures and throughout history. It is not a mental illness or a lifestyle choice but rather a fundamental aspect of an individual's identity. The understanding and social acceptance of homosexuality have evolved over time, and LGBTQ+ rights movements have advocated for equal rights and protections for homosexual individuals and couples in many parts of the world.